Glossary

Fraud methods

What is check fraud?

Check fraud is the theft, alteration, forgery, or counterfeiting of a paper check in order to obtain funds from the account it draws on.

Also called cheque fraud · check washing · altered check

Despite the shift to electronic payments, checks remain a heavily exploited instrument in business payments because a check carries a routing number, an account number, and an authorized signature on a single piece of paper that travels through the mail.

Common variants include check washing, where a stolen check is chemically altered and rewritten, counterfeit checks printed against harvested account data, and simple interception of outbound mail from unsecured collection points.

Common questions

Yes. It remains one of the most frequently reported payment fraud types affecting organizations, largely because checks expose account credentials in physical form.

Positive pay with payee name verification, combined with moving high value disbursements off paper entirely.

Sources and further reading

Citing this entry? Cite as Coffr, LLC and link to https://getcoffr.com/glossary/check-fraud.

Read the longer research behind this in Blog, or browse the full glossary.

Disclosures

  1. Coffr, LLC carries insurance for its own benefit. That insurance does not cover you, your payments or your funds, and Coffr does not guarantee any payment. Coffr does not hold or transmit customer funds. See the Terms of Service.
  2. "Verified" means the identity, business and bank account checks shown passed on the date shown. A verification confirms who you're paying at that time. It doesn't guarantee that a payment will reach the intended recipient.
  3. Coffr records a cryptographic fingerprint of each verification on a public ledger run by independent organizations. Fingerprints contain no names, bank account numbers or tax IDs, and they can't be changed or deleted.
  4. Sources: ACH volume, Nacha 2025 ACH Network volume; online crime losses, FBI IC3 2025 Internet Crime Report.